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Small Object Detection via Pixel Level Balancing With Applications to Blood Cell Detection

Object detection technology has been widely used in medical field, such as detecting the images of blood cell to count the changes and distribution for assisting the diagnosis of diseases. However, detecting small objects is one of the most challenging and important problems especially in medical scenarios. Most of the objects in medical images are very small but influential. Improving the detection performance of small objects is a very meaningful topic for medical detection. Current researches mainly focus on the extraction of small object features and data augmentation for small object samples, all of these researches focus on extracting the feature space of small objects better. However, in the training process of a detection model, objects of different sizes are mixed together, which may interfere with each other and affect the performance of small object detection. In this paper, we propose a method called pixel level balancing (PLB), which takes into account the number of pixels contained in the detection box as an impact factor to characterize the size of the inspected objects, and uses this as an impact factor. The training loss of each object of different size is adjusted by a weight dynamically, so as to improve the accuracy of small object detection. Finally, through experiments, we demonstrate that the size of objects in object detection interfere with each other. So that we can improve the accuracy of small object detection through PLB operation. This method can perform well with blood cell detection in our experiments.

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